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Home > Classroom > Popular Economics > Page 6

Irredeemable Paper Money, Feature #451

April 22, 2012 by The Gold Standard Institute International

http://keithweiner.posterous.com/

I am writing this, having just returned from the fourth course at the New Austrian School of Economics, in Munich. The single biggest theme was the rate of interest and its linkage to prices. Kondratieff, among several others, observed that rising prices lead to rising interest rates and vice versa. And the opposite case is also true, falling interest rates go with falling prices (all else being equal). I plan to write a separate paper on this topic.

One of the most important ideas proposed by Professor Fekete is that a rise in the rate of interest reduces the burden of debt that has been accumulated previously. And a fall in the rate of interest increases the burden of debt. This is because the present value of a future payment is:

If the payment is $1000 per year, and the interest rate is 10%, then the payment at the end of the first year is worth 1000 / 1.1 = $909 today. The payment at the end of the 30th year is worth $57.31 today (1000 / 1.1^30).

But as the rate of interest falls, the present value of all future payments rises. If the rate of interest fell to zero, then the present value of each future payment would be the nominal value of the payment (1000/1^30 = 1000). The 30th year payment would be worth $1000 today.

Rate of Interest Burden of Debt

Unlike under a gold standard, in paper money the rate of interest is subject to massive volatility. Sometimes, the government has its way, fueling rising prices and interest rates. Other times bond speculators front-run the central bank’s unlimited appetite for purchasing government bonds and the rate of interest falls. We are now in year 31 (so far) of this latter phase.

As the total accumulated debt increases (feature #450 of irredeemable money is that total debt cannot go down), the effect of a change in the rate of interest becomes larger and larger. Today, even very small fluctuations have a disproportionate impact on the burden of debt incurred at every level, from consumer to business to corporate to government at every level. To say that this is destructive is a great understatement.

This, rather than the quantity of money, is what people and especially economists should be focused on.

Keith Weiner has been a technology entrepreneur. He was the founder of DiamondWare, a VoIP software company, which he sold to Nortel in 2008. Keith is an adherent of Ayn Rand’s philosophy of Objectivism, and a student at the New Austrian School of economics, working on his PhD under Professor Antal Fekete, with a focus on monetary science. Keith is now a trader and market analyst in precious metals and commodities. Now that central planning has failed, he would like the world to return to a proper gold standard and laissez-faire capitalism.


© April 13, 2012 by Keith Weiner

Filed Under: Gold and Silver, Keith Weiner, Popular Economics

USA Presence

April 22, 2012 by The Gold Standard Institute International

The 15th April 2012 is a big day for The Gold Standard Institute. As announced in our monthly journal The Gold Standard, it is the day that we announced a President of the Institute in the USA.

The great significance to the Institute is not just a presence in such an important market, but the fact that it is such a competent and able presence. Thomas Bachheimer has done an excellent job of raising our profile and support in Europe. Keith Weiner will now do that job in the US.

Rather than sit back on our laurels, we must continue to expand – continue to get the message out. Our present monetary system is collapsing. This is not meant to imply that it will collapse next week, or even this year or next year, but it does mean that the paper money process in motion is terminal. How long we still have is unknown; the fact that there is an incredibly important job to be done in a diminishing amount of time is not.

At this point in our history, the importance of disseminating an unadulterated gold standard is of more virtue than anything else. Nothing is of the same fundamental importance. The fact that gold carries the load of far more than just its monetary significance is a little too esoteric for most, but it is so. The good thing is that we only have to concentrate our efforts on the monetary aspects of gold – the rest will take care of itself once gold assumes its rightful role.

Both Thomas Bachheimer (President Europe) and Keith Weiner (President USA) need the assistance of people who are able and willing to give of their time and expertise. Those who understand and realize the importance of an unadulterated gold standard are encouraged to put their shoulder to the wheel.

The inevitable denouement of the current financial and monetary circus will be grim. That will be true even if the correct solution – an unadulterated gold standard – is implemented. The implementation of anything else will result in a situation way beyond merely grim.

All new ways of thinking take time to sink in. The fact that the logic of an unadulterated gold standard is impeccable should not lead to the assumption that it will be immediately obvious to everyone. Nothing could be further from the truth. Dogma is hard to shift; for the majority it is almost impossible. They will cling to their dogma up to and including the point of death. It will take a dedicated body of people working intelligently and knowledgeably to achieve the transformation of the people of reason. A lot of people need to be educated to achieve the critical mass that precedes widespread acceptance.

We need a much stronger presence in Asia. Do we have anyone able and willing to take on the role of promoting and disseminating in Asia? We have some very educated supporters there, but as yet, no one who is able to give the necessary time and effort that the commitment requires. I shall be in South Korea for five days from the 25th April. If anyone would like to meet up please contact me immediately – philipbarton@bigpond.com


Philip Barton – President

Filed Under: Gold and Silver, Office of the President, Philip Barton, Popular Economics

Are US Taxpayers Bailing Out Greece?

April 22, 2012 by The Gold Standard Institute International

Last week we were reminded that ours is not the only country suffering from severe economic turmoil. The Greek government is the latest to come close to default on their massive public debt. Greece has insufficient funds in their treasury to make even the minimum payments that are now coming due. Their debt level is about 120 percent of their gross domestic product and their public sector absorbs what amounts to 40 percent of GDP. Any talk of cutting costs and spending is met with violent protests from the many Greeks heavily dependent on government payments. Mounting fears of default have sent shockwaves through their creditors and all of the eurozone countries.

But there have been statements made by the European Central Bank to calm fears and give assurances that Greece will get the aid it needs. Details of agreements are not forthcoming.

Is it possible that our Federal Reserve has had some hand in bailing out Greece? The fact is, we don’t know, and current laws exempt agreements between the Fed and foreign central banks from disclosure or audit.

Greece is only the latest in a series of countries that have faced this type of crisis in recent memory. Not too long ago the same types of fears were mounting about Dubai, and before that, Iceland. Several other countries (Spain, Portugal, Ireland, Latvia) are approaching crisis levels with public debt as well. Many have strong ties to Goldman Sachs and the case could easily be made that default could have serious implications for big US banking cartels. Considering the ties between the Fed and these big banks, it is not outlandish to wonder if the US taxpayer is secretly bailing out the entire world, country by country, even as our real unemployment tops 20 percent. Unless laws are changed to allow a complete and meaningful audit of the Federal Reserve, including its agreements with foreign central banks, we might never know if this is occurring or not.

This global financial crisis is a predictable result of secretive central banking and unsound fiat currency. Governments are entirely committed to this system of fiat money and fractional reserve banking for obvious reasons: it enables them to do what they love most, namely, spend hoards of money with near impunity. Without the limitations of sound money, governments will spend without limit. They will spend money to hire their cronies, pay off special interests, give out favors, create dependence and generally distract from the terrible job they do at their chief mandate, which is to protect the liberties of the people. Fiat money is a blank check to government, which is very dangerous, and we are witnessing the death throes of the system as the bills come due and the underlying capital is squandered away.

Because of our globe-straddling empire and lingering reserve currency status, perhaps no one has a more vested interest in keeping this system cobbled together than our own government and the Federal Reserve. The agreements that Iceland and Dubai and Greece have negotiated can amount to little more than kicking the can down the road, as their overall spending habits remain largely intact, fiat currencies are still legal tender and more debt is issued on top of unsustainable debt. The American people have the right to know if they are going to be the ones holding the bag in the end because the Federal Reserve secretly put them on the hook for it. This knowledge would be a key factor in peacefully dismantling this immoral and unconstitutional system.

February 17, 2010

Filed Under: Gold and Silver, Popular Economics, Ron Paul

News From The Galaxy

April 22, 2012 by The Gold Standard Institute International

It has been revealed to me that there is life on a planet within our Galaxy. Among the living creatures on this planet are humanoids – that is, beings that bear a great similarity to humans on this Earth, but who do not appear to be intelligent, as we humans are, but rather sub-human in their reasoning faculties.

These humanoids are at present quite busy building large structures such as bridges and tall buildings with concrete, which they invented many years ago, but without the use of reinforcing bars, or rebars, as we call them.

Of course, since we are intelligent, we know what has to be the result of their efforts: continual collapses which cause these poor humanoids great grief and disappointment.

It appears that in the remote past these creatures did use rebars in concrete constructions, but an influential politician whose name is recorded in their history as ‘Nicson’ finally decided that concrete did not require rebars to give it tensile strength, and therefore banned their use.

At the present time their media of communication are filled with discussions on how to prevent concrete structures from collapsing, with consequent disruption of life. The situation is very distressing.

Some commentators in the editorial pages of the well-regarded newspaper ‘Cement Times’ recommend closer supervision of the building of concrete structures; others recommend more transparency regarding building methods, while some recommend that buildings be constructed in such a way as to prop each other up, to avoid collapse. In the meantime, no formula has been found to remedy this plague of collapsing buildings.

A very few of these humanoids are mentioning the fact that when rebars were used, long before Nicson, buildings did not collapse. Scarcely any attention is given to these ‘rebar bugs’, as they are derisively referred to by the élite of the inhabitants, who are venerated as well-informed and expert authorities in the matter. The rebar-bugs have a spokesman who goes by the name of ‘Paulum’, but they seem to be fighting a losing battle against the sub-human intelligence of the majority and those wielding political power.

Rebars are regarded by the cement manufacturers’ representatives as old-fashioned and unnecessary, and in fact, as ‘barbarous relics’; they allege that reverting to use of rebars would hamper the economy, because it would slow down the building industry, which is thriving because buildings are collapsing daily and of course, have to be rebuilt. Besides, they argue that rebars are ‘too scarce’.

Indeed, it might be suspected that the ‘Federal Cement Manufacturers Association’ has an interest in retaining the present mode of rebar-less construction. Their disdain for rebars speaks louder than words of their sub-human nature, for by the simple expedient of allowing the use of rebars, which they have banned completely, they would find an undoubtely efficacious remedy to the parlous situation which prevails on their planet. However, it is apparent that there is no wish to accept the application of this remedial measure on the part of the Federal Cement Manufacturers’ Association, or the ‘Fed’ as they call it.

Such is the travail now prevailing amongst the humanoids of that remote planet. There is nothing to be done; they must be allowed to suffer. Perhaps they may, in the course of millenia, eventually acquire human intelligence.

23 March, 2010

Filed Under: Gold and Silver, Hugo Salinas Price, Popular Economics

Gold: The Protector and Creator of Jobs

April 22, 2012 by The Gold Standard Institute International

Some readers may ask themselves; “What has gold to do with protecting jobs? Gold hoarders are certainly not creating jobs, and hoarding more gold will not help at all.”

Gold has everything to do with the loss of jobs in the US, and gold has everything to do with recovering jobs for the US economy.

Let me go back to the 60′s. During those years, the US and the world were on a Gold-and-Dollar Standard.

Back in the 60′s, countries were very careful about maintaining a constant monetary balance between their exports and their imports. They all wanted to be in a situation where they would export more than they imported, so that they would have increasing balances of gold or dollars in their Treasuries.

To state this more correctly, they all wanted to export more than they imported, except the United States.

The US didn’t care very much about maintaining a balance between exports and imports, because the US was able to pay for its deficit in trade (more imports than exports) by simply sending more dollars overseas.

Many economists warned about this trend, which was accompanied by a constant loss of gold during those years; some countries, notably France, refused to hold more and more dollars. The French asked for their gold – at $35 dollars an ounce – and this caused great disgust in Washington, D.C. and New York.

Nothing was done to stop the trend. In 1971, Henry Hazlitt, a good conservative economist, warned that the dollar would have to be devalued – that it would be necessary to raise the number of dollars which would be needed to obtain an ounce of gold – some months before the dam broke and the US was faced with the need to devalue, because the US stock of gold had become much too small.

What Mr. Hazlitt never imagined, was that instead of devaluing – which was the advice of economist Paul Samuelson, Nobel Prize winner, published the week before August 15, 1971 – Nixon followed the advice of Milton Friedman and simply ‘closed the gold window’. The US would henceforth not deliver any gold, at any price, to any foreign Central Bank who might wish to invoke the right to redeem its dollars for gold, according to the Bretton Woods Agreement of 1944.

Since that date, all world trade – or the better part of it – is carried on in dollars which are nothing more than fiat money. Since the rest of the world’s currencies were tied to gold through the dollar, all the currencies of the world also became fiat money – fictitious money, backed by nothing. That includes the Euro, of course.

What happened after that fateful date has overturned all order and harmony in economic relationships between the nations of the world.

Countries around the world began to accumulate more and more dollars as credit expansion in the US went forward, implacably. Central Banks had to accumulate these dollars in their Reserves, whether they wanted to or not. (Not having sufficient dollars would force other countries to devalue and destroy savings. The US cannot run out of dollars, it manufactures them).

With no loss of gold to restrain the US and force it to stop expanding credit, US imports surged and exports waned. The monetary difference was ‘paid’ in dollars.

Free trade was extolled by the US; every country that wanted to be in the good graces of the US had to bow to ‘free trade’.

Free trade is a good thing, but not for a country that is providing the world’s fiat money. This ‘free trade’ was called ‘globalization’, meaning that the US could, and did, buy everything it wanted in the world, in any amount, at any time, by simply paying dollars for it.

There was no restraint to US credit expansion. It was a lovely time to be young and an American.

However, free trade means you buy where it’s cheapest, and the cheapest place to buy, in recent decades, was China, South East Asia and India; the oil required to fuel the US economy was cheap and bought with dollars which it cost nothing to produce.

Thousands upon thousands of products and floods of oil came across the oceans to the US, and also to Europe, which began to pay in Euros for some of its imports: Euros which also cost nothing to produce.

US manufacturers, facing this competition from Asia, decided to move their factories to Asia instead of waiting for certain bankruptcy by competing against much lower-cost production.

That was how the US was de-industrialized.

It happened because gold was eliminated as a limit on credit expansion and money creation.

Had Nixon not gone off gold in 1971, China would have taken generations to create its industrial base. It would have been necessary for China to accumulate capital slowly, because its exports to the US would have been limited by the need for the US to pay up with gold for the amount by which Chinese exports exceeded its imports from the US.

The Chinese would have had to buy as much from the US, as they sold to the US; and since they were so terribly poor, there was not much they could have bought from the US.

Their growth would have been slower, but they would not now be facing over 20 million unemployed, as their markets dry up.

The US would never have allowed China to drain US gold from the Treasury by selling more to the US, than the US sold to China. But since payment was in fiat dollars and not in gold, the destructive effect of huge Chinese imports was not considered important by policy makers. And so, the US sailed into unemployment and had a great time doing it. Only now, that the party is over, are the grim facts visible: no jobs! Manufacturing is decimated.

The fiat dollar – unanchored to gold – was the greatest strategic gift that the US could have made to China. Now, they have a huge industrial base and the US has Oh, so little!

The damage is done. How to recover the industrial base of the US? Not by slogans such as ‘Buy American’, nor by protectionism.

What is required is to recover economic balance between the nations of the world so that they all can balance their exports with their imports. This is not done by protectionism, a false remedy to joblessness.

The world needs to return to gold as the international means of payment. All imbalances must be paid, monthly, in gold. No fiat money ‘payment’ allowed!

If a nation does not have gold to export, it must do without or manufacture what it needs, itself: there you have the clue to restoring jobs in the US and in Europe. This is not ‘nationalism’, it is simply good economics.

The US has to limit its imports drastically, not by protectionism and tariffs, but by returning to the Gold Standard. Jobs will mushroom in the US beyond what anyone can dream as soon as its market must buy locally or not buy at all, for thousands upon thousands of articles. A return to gold, will achieve that aim very quickly, to be sure.

The Gold Standard is the friend and protector of the worker and of the investor, as well as the basis for harmonious relations between the nations of the world.

And by the way, the current financial disaster in the US is directly attributable to Nixon’s decision to ‘close the gold window’, because a monetary system based on gold is an obstacle to the criminal credit expansion perpetrated by the bankers. Gold based money puts shackles on bankers, forcing them to be careful. A fiat money system enables financial criminality – it’s as effective in restraining criminality in finance as tying up a dog with a string of sausages.

www.plata.com.mx

Filed Under: Gold and Silver, Hugo Salinas Price, Popular Economics

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